Vidi kôd stranice Direktorij (struktura)

Struktura direktorija Linux operativnog sustava je standardizirana FHS (Filesystem Hierarchy Standard) standardu.

Prema tom standardu unutar Linux operativnog sustava mora postojati vrlo unificirano "stablo" direktorija čija imena predstavljaju određeni dio samog operativnog sustava.

Izgled i značenja pojedinih direktorija u stablu predočena su u ovoj tabeli:

{| class="wikitable" style="vertical-align: top; width: 100%" summary="A description of the hierarchy specified in the FHS."
|-
!Directory
!Description
|-
|<span style="color: #039">/</span>
|<span style="color: #06F">''Primary hierarchy''</span> root and [[root directory]] of the entire file system hierarchy.
|-
|<span style="color: #06F">/bin/</span>
|Essential command [[executable|binaries]] that need to be available in [[single user mode]]; for all users (e.g., [[cat (Unix)|cat]], [[ls]], [[cp (Unix)|cp]]).
|-
|/boot/
|[[Boot loader]] files (e.g., [[Kernel (computer science)|kernel]]s, [[initrd]]). Often a separate partition.
|-
|/dev/
|Essential [[device file|devices]] (e.g., [[:/dev/null]]).
|-
|/etc/
<!-- Please see the talk page before changing this -->
|Host-specific system-wide [[configuration file]]s (the name comes from ''[[et cetera]]'').
|-
|
:/etc/opt/
|Configuration files for /opt/.
|-
|
:/etc/X11/
|Configuration files for the [[X Window System]], version 11.
|-
|
:/etc/sgml/
|Configuration files for [[SGML]].
|-
|
:/etc/xml/
|Configuration files for [[XML]].
|-
|/home/
|Users' [[home directory|home directories]] - containing saved files, personal settings etc. Often a separate partition.
|-
|<span style="color: #06F">/lib/</span>
|[[Library (computer science)|Libraries]] essential for the [[binaries]] in /bin/ and /sbin/.
|-
|/media/
|Mount points for removable media such as [[CD-ROM]]s (appeared in FHS-2.3).
|-
|/mnt/
|Temporarily [[mount (computing)|mounted]] filesystems.
|-
|/opt/
|Optional [[application software]] [[Software package (installation)|packages]].
|-
|/proc/
|Virtual [[filesystem]] documenting [[Kernel (computers)|kernel]] and [[process (computing)|process]] status as text files (e.g., uptime, network).
|-
|/root/
|[[Home directory]] for the [[superuser|root]] user.
|-
|<span style="color: #06F">/sbin/</span>
|Essential system binaries (e.g., init, route, ifup).
|-
|/srv/
|Site-specific [[data]] which is served by the system.
|-
|/tmp/
|Temporary files (see also /var/tmp). Often not preserved between system reboots.
|-
|<span style="color: #090">/usr/</span>
<!-- ##### Please SEE THE TALK PAGE before changing this ##### -->
|<span style="color: #090">''Secondary hierarchy''</span> for user data; contains the majority of ([[multi-user|multi-]])user utilities and applications.<ref>Should be shareable and read-only, cf. http://www.pathname.com/fhs/pub/fhs-2.3.html.</ref>
<!-- ##### /usr is NOT anything but the above. This has been rehashed plenty of times before and reverting misled souls like yourself is taking up roughly a third of every edit on this page (another third being the edits of misled souls such as yourself). This time, Wikipedia is right. ##### -->
|-
|
:<span style="color: #090">/usr/bin/</span>
|Non-essential command [[executable|binaries]] (not needed in [[single user mode]]); for all users.
|-
|
:<span style="color: #090">/usr/include/</span>
|Standard [[header file|include files]].
|-
|
:<span style="color: #090">/usr/lib/</span>
|[[Library (computer science)|Libraries]] for the [[binaries]] in /usr/bin/ and /usr/sbin/. 
|-
|
:<span style="color: #090">/usr/sbin/</span>
|Non-essential system binaries (e.g. [[Daemon (computer software)|daemons]] for various [[network-services]]).
|-
|
:<span style="color: #090">/usr/share/</span>
|Architecture-independent (shared) data.
|-
|
:<span style="color: #090">/usr/src/</span>
|[[Source code]] (e.g. the kernel source code with its header files).
|-
|
:<span style="color: #090">/usr/X11R6/</span>
|[[X Window System]], Version 11, Release 6.
|-
|
:<span style="color: #F90">/usr/local/</span>
|<span style="color: #F90">''Tertiary hierarchy''</span> for local data, specific to this host. Typically has further subdirectories, eg. bin/, lib/, share/.<ref>Historically and strictly according to the standard, /usr/local/ is for data that must be stored on the local host (as opposed to /usr/, which may be mounted across a network. Most of the time /usr/local/ is used for installing software/data that is ''not'' part of the standard operating system distribution (in such case, /usr/ would only contain software/data that ''is'' part of the standard operating system distribution). It is possible that the FHS standard may in the future be changed to reflect this de-facto convention).</ref>
|-
|/var/
|Variable files, such as logs, spool files, and temporary e-mail files.
|-
|
:/var/lib/
|State information. Persistent data modified by programs as they run (e.g. databases, packaging system metadata etc.).
|-
|
:/var/lock/
|Lock files.  Files keeping track of resources currently in use.
|-
|
:/var/log/
|Log files.  Various logs.
|-
|
:/var/mail/
|Users' [[e-mail|mail]]boxes.
|-
|
:/var/run/
|Information about the running system since last boot (e.g. currently logged-in users and running [[daemons]]).
|-
|
:/var/spool/
|[[Spooling|Spool]] for tasks waiting to be processed (e.g. print queues and unread mail).
|-
|
:/var/spool/mail/
|[[Deprecated]] location for users' mailboxes.
|-
|
:/var/tmp/
|Temporary files to be preserved between reboots.
|-
|}

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